All of us know how an inverter works. What happens when the PMOS and NMOS are interchanged with one another in an inverter?

Ans: O/P will be degraded 1 and degraded 0. (Check with SPICE simulation!) 10) Give 5 important Design techniques you would follow when doing a Layout for Digital Circuits Ans:1) In digital design, decide the height of standard cells you want to layout. It depends upon how big your transistors will be.

Have reasonable width for VDD and GND metal paths. Maintaining uniform Height for all the cell is very important since this will help you use place route tool easily and also incase you want to do manual connection of all the blocks it saves on lot of area. 2) Use one metal in one direction only; this does not apply for metal 1.

Say you are using metal 2 to do horizontal connections, and then use metal 3 for vertical connections, metal4 for horizontal, metal 5 vertical etc... 3) Place as much substrate contact as possible in the empty spaces of the layout. 4) Do not use poly over long distances as it has huge resistances unless you have no other choice. 5) Use fingered transistors as ...

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