It's called the "Safety Cable" (not the light 'fixture') so that if the wires come apart, the whole chandelier doesn't come falling down on your head!. This non-electrical cable should be connected to the joists or the conduit box which is firmly attached by screws. If you are inexperienced in electrical wiring or light fixture installation, or just feel like you can't complete the job yourself, always contact a licensed electrician.
ALWAYS shut off power to the circuit before attempting removal of an existing fixture or fixture installation. NEVER attempt to replace a fixture while the wire is "hot." Be aware that even after the circuit has been switched off, there is a chance there may be live (hot) wires in the ceiling box.
To ensure that all of the wires are off, use a circuit voltage tester (you can get these at any hardware store). Never exceed the maximum wattage of the fixture. If you do, you could cause a fire.
Be sure that the junction box you are using can support the weight of the ceiling fan or fixture you are installing. If installing a heavy chandelier or ceiling fan, the hardware should always be mounted to the ceiling joists. Always have a partner to assist you in mounting the fixture.
Typically, one person needs to hold the fixture up while the other wires it, especially if the fixture is heavy. Be sure to read the package instructions thoroughly before attempting assembly. If installing a ceiling fan, be sure that the "safety" wire is in place.
Always follow your local codes concerning light fixture placement and installation. EDIT: The fixture is the chandelier, itself. My husband is an electrician, by trade, and approved this answer.
Fixture' is your best bet. There are all sorts of individual components; the ground-wire, the cross-bar, the wire-leads, the hanger loop, the chain.... but typically you'd call the hanging apparatus the 'fixture', as you would anything that locks a piece of furniture/decoration into one place in a room.
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