Data payload in a TCP ack?

This behavior is dependent on both the OS and the application. In linux, the kernel doesn't send an ACK directly, but instead waits a fixed number of milliseconds (around 200), hoping that is has some data to send back and can let the ACK piggyback the data.

This behavior is dependent on both the OS and the application. In linux, the kernel doesn't send an ACK directly, but instead waits a fixed number of milliseconds (around 200), hoping that is has some data to send back and can let the ACK piggyback the data. If the timer goes off, then the ACK is sent immediately.

Example 1. Client sends the GET request. Server tries to create a http response, but before it does that 200ms are gone and it must send the ACK before the http response.

Example 2. Client sends the GET request. Server creates a http response within the timer limit, and the ACK can piggyback the data.

Meaning, if your application got slower at generating that response, the ACK will be send without piggybacking on the data. And also depending on the OS, the delay timer can be higher / lower and once again changing how ACK's are sent.

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