The problem isn't one of name mangling. (Or probably isn't: public variable names are not usually mangled.) The real problem is that the "const" means implicit static, rendering the variable invisible outside the translation unit. To avoid this, the variable must be explicitly declared extern.
And "The form of linkage-specification that contains a brace-enclosed declaration-seq does not affect whether the contained declarations are definitions or not (3.1); the form of linkage-specification directly containing a single declaration is treated as an extern specifier (7.1.1) for the purpose of determining whether the contained declaration is a definition." Which, while it doesn't seem to address your issue directly (the presence of an initializer ensures that the declaration is a definition), it does seem to indicate the intent: within a brace enclosed linkage specifier, the usual rules apply; if the linkage specifier applies directly to the declaration, it's as if the declaration were explicitly extern. So you can write either.
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