The problem with PHP is that mcrypt only supports null padding. C# does not support null padding for good reason, it goes haywire if you're encrypting binary information. If you switch to OpenSSL for your encryption on PHP you will get better padding options.
Once you have switched you simply need to ensure the block size, mode and padding options are the same on both sides.
I would recommend phpseclib, a pure PHP AES implementation. It's interoperable with OpenSSL as demonstrated thusly.
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