I've copy pasted your code and I'll explain what is going on line by line. It should help you see not only why the screen is going blank after a resize, but also help you remove stuff that you don't really need.
One problem you probably have is, that resizing a window with SDL a new OpenGL context is created, which means that all the things you uploaded before (textures, vertex buffer objects) and state you set (like vertex array pointers) are lost. You need to reinitialize them if using SDL. If you want to keep them, don't use SDL for window management.
I recommend GLFW.
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