How can I make my bathroom sink and vanity more accessible?

For accessibility: Install a wall-mounted sink. Not only does it give a sleek, modern appearance to your bathroom but it also maximizes knee-room below the sink. If hot-water pipes are exposed, cover them to protect knees.

If you prefer the look of cabinets, install under-the-counter cabinets that let the basin extend over the edge or hardware that allows doors to slide out of the way when open. Shallow sink basins are easier to use than a traditional deep sink. Check out “wading pool” lavatories by Kohler and other plumbing manufacturers.

Consider installing dual sinks with one at a traditional height and one lower for children or people who need to sit down while grooming. A pedestal sink stands alone and leaves more room to maneuver. Keep in mind though that most pedestal sinks do not have counterspace, which may be an issue for folks who need devices or medications as they get ready for the day.

Adjust mirrors to accommodate people of various heights: Install a mirror flush to the back splash so that it is low enough for children or someone who is seated to see themselves. Tip the top of a wall-mounted mirror a few inches so that someone who is short or seated can see themselves. To accommodate multiple heights and abilities, install an adjustable tilt-down mirror.

An inexpensive alternative is to attach a telescoping mirror, found in most bath shops, that mounts to the side wall near the sink, or clamps to or sits on the top of the vanity. Their adjustable, swivel-type necks may easily be moved to various positions. Purchase one with a magnifying mirror on one side to aid those with diminished vision.

Locate the medicine cabinet on the side wall next to the sink instead of over the sink. This location provides easier access by someone in a wheelchair or with limited arm movement. Consider installing a kitchen faucet in the bathroom.

Kitchen faucets tend to be longer, reaching further over the sink. When shopping for bathroom faucets, use the closed fist test; if you can operate the faucet with a closed fist, it will be useable by most people, including those with one hand or those with limited grip or reach. Before heading to the bath center, be sure to measure the distance between the handles on your current faucet set.

Consider installing an automatic faucet or inexpensive sensor that turns the water on when your hand is underneath. Look for these at home improvement stores or order from online stores that cater to the elderly.

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Here are some tips for making your bathroom more accessible: Give yourself plenty of room to be comfortable. Generally, you need a 5-foot radius to turn a wheelchair around, so the more room you can create the better. Widen aisles by getting things off the floor; get rid of anything that is not necessary -- scales, hamper, floor racks, and so on.

Open up closets and cabinets. Removing doors from closets and replacing cabinets with open shelves, set back from the edge of the countertop, will give you a few extra inches to maneuver while making sinks and storage areas more easily accessible. For ease of use, the toilet should be located 18 inches from the side wall, with 2 feet of clear space on the other side to allow for transfers or assistance.

When one side of your body is weaker than the other, use a configuration that feels safer and more comfortable for you. Entry doors should open to the outside to give you maximum room to move. If the door opens into a narrow hallway, consider replacing it with a pocket door.

To avoid expensive remodeling -- tearing out and replacing the wall to mount the door inside -- hang the door hardware on the wall outside of the bathroom. To keep a pocket door from sliding all the way into the wall, screw a C-shaped cabinet handle (that your fingers can easily slip into) to the far edge of the door. If you are unable to reconfigure the bathroom door, remove it and use a shower curtain rod and shower curtain to give you privacy.

Reduce falling hazards with nonskid tile. Tile is impervious to water, easy to clean, and easier to move on for the wheelchair user. Nonskid tiles have a special coating that creates a higher friction rate than noncoated tiles.

Nonskid coatings are also available to apply to your current flooring; ask about them at your local tile, bath, or home improvement store. Make the entire bathroom a “wet room.” Consider mounting tile to the walls as well as floors, making the entire bathroom impervious to water.

Doing so makes the room easy to clean and maintain.