How do astronomers measure the mass of a star?

This is a great question, I will provide a few helpful links for you, I hope this helps... * Measuring the mass of stars in binary systems is easy. Binary systems are sets of two or more stars in orbit about each other. By measuring the size of the orbit, the stars' orbital speeds, and their orbital periods, we can determine exactly what the masses of the stars are.

We can take that knowledge and then apply it to similar stars not in multiple systems. We also can easily measure the luminocity and temperature of any star. A plot of luminocity versus temperature for a set of stars is called a Hertsprung-Russel (H-R) diagram, and it turns out that most stars lie along a thin band in this diagram known as the main Sequence.

Stars arrange themselves by mass on the Main Sequence, with massive stars being hotter and brighter than their small-mass bretheren. If a star falls on the Main Sequence, we therefore immediately know its mass. In addition to these methods, we also have an excellent ... more.

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