How do solar winds create X-Rays?

First, the X-rays you are referring to are not produced by nuclear reactions. Part of the solar wind is made up of heavy element ions. When these heavy ions hit a neutral atom or neutral molecule in interstellar space or at the top of Earth's atmosphere, they create X-rays.

This process is called charge exchange. It involves the heavy ion taking an electron away from the neutral atom or molecule; the heavy ion is left in an excited electronic state. When the heavy ion relaxes back down to ground state, it emits a photon of extreme UV or X-ray energy.

For example, a 7+ oxygen ion and a neutral atom/molecule M: O^7+ + M -> O^6+*(excited state) + M^+ This process creates a diffuse X-ray glow in Earth's upper atmosphere, in other sources of neutral gases, and in the very thin gas throughout the solar system. These and other X-rays are observed with instruments above the Earth's atmosphere. This is called X-Ray Astronomy.

X-rays get absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, so people on Earth are fine.

The X-rays we detect from the Sun actually come from the solar corona, not the solar wind. "Quote from imagine.gsfc.nasa. Gov" ---Quote--- The Sun has a surface temperature of approximately 6000 Kelvin.

The solar surface emits most of its electromagnetic radiation in the "visible spectrum", or the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum we can see with our eyes. A 6000 K Sun should be an extraordinarily weak source of X-rays. However, we have known since the 1940s that the Sun is, in fact, a very strong X-ray emitter.So what is going on here?

The X-rays we detect from the Sun actually come from the solar corona, not the solar surface. The corona, the upper layer of the Sun's atmosphere, is very, very hot (over a million degrees!). Thus, it is an excellent source of X-rays.

Only very hot gases can emit X-rays. The Sun's atmosphere, at millions of degrees, is hot enough to emit X-rays, while the much cooler surface of the Sun is not. ---Quote.

I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.

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