How Do You Add, Subtract, Multiply And Divide Binary, Hexadecimal And Octal Numbers?

Interesting question! I would have thought column methods would work. The conventional arithmetic method can also be used for division.

You just have to remember to carry the remainder from eight, sixteen, two or whatever base you are calculating in. For example, the sum of the hexadecimal numbers 3C and DD (remember A is ten (10 in base ten) and F is fifteen) can be determined by C+D=19 -counting back three digits from C in the units column because D is three short of 10 (sixteen) and adding one to the sixteens column- 3+D=10 -counting on from D: E, F, 10. With column addition, you would just carry the one from the units calculation over into the sixteens calculation.

Here, I can note that 30+D0=100 and add 19 onto this to get 119 (all in base sixteen). For multiplications, a grid might well be useful, but note that you could do a grid for addition as well. Let's now divide DD by 3C and see what we get.

Looking at the 3C times table we have (counting back four in the units column ... more.

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