How does caesarean birth work?

If you are giving birth by cesarean section, whether planned or not, the process will start in an operating room, where you will usually receive spinal or epidural anesthesia to make you completely numb below the level of your ribs. Your partner or support person may be asked to wait outside the operating room while the spinal or epidural is being set up, but in most instances he or she can return to the room to support you during the surgery. If an epidural catheter (tube) is already in place when the decision for surgery is made, the level of anesthesia will be increased so that you are completely numb.In the rare instance when a cesarean section needs to be performed very quickly, you may be given general anesthesia (which makes you unconscious), because it is faster than making you numb with a spinal or epidural.

General anesthesia is also used in the rare instances when an adequate level of anesthesia is not obtained with a spinal or epidural. For most cesarean sections, your belly will be scrubbed and your pubic hair clipped, and often you will be given a dose of antibiotics during the procedure to reduce the risk of infection. In addition, a small tube (catheter) will be placed in your bladder to keep it empty during the procedure.

A drape will be placed between your chest and the lower part of your body to create a sterile area for the operation. The drape also prevents you from seeing the surgery as it happens. Sometimes the drape is close to your neck, but you can turn your head to the side if it makes you feel claustrophobic.

Your arms are likely to be taped down at your sides. You will have an IV inserted and devices will be attached to your skin to monitor your vital signs. In most hospitals, if you do not have general anesthesia a support person or partner can be present during the surgery, staying at the head of the bed, next to your head, behind the drape.

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