Is nature or nurture dominate? Why?
Very interesting question and one of my #1 missions in life, it seems... I don't think that there is a definitive formula, rather a combinition of both plus other variables that make us who we are. Everytime I think I have it figured out, someone comes along to prove me wrong, so it is indeed a very interesting and controversial topic that I don't think will ever be solved! We are born with a certain set of characteristics, then depending on our environment, such as parents, their relationship, siblings, birth order, peers, experiences in school, growing up and eventually life, determines your successes and failures and more importantly, how one reacts to certain events.In a sense, this actually brings up even more questions, such as why do some people, raised with very little emotional support, seem to have an internal drive to succeed, against all odds!
And they do. Of course when they fall, we all blame it on their childhood, which may or may not be accurate. Then you have a child with every opportunity in the world, parents that care, the best education, friends, etc. That is prone to depression and a low tolerance for any sort of aggravation - one who is unable to handle life as we would expect.
Conclusion-they must be spoiled? Perhaps, and the debate goes on!? Great topic.
I would have to say neither. The whole nature/nurture debate is outdated relic of behavioral psychology. There are no organisms out there that are influenced solely by one and not the other.
Roughly stated,Nature = genesNurture = environmentGene expression provides a range of phenotypes within which an organism can expressed based on input from the environment. For example, if a baby has the gene combination that codes for a range of tallness...he/she won't be tall in the future if he/she isn't receiving enough nutrients from the environment. On the flip side, even if a baby is given a ton of nutrients, but doesn't have the genes for tallness then he/she'll only grow as high as the range he/she is genetically coded for.
The whole nature/nurture debate was based on the idea that a single gene codes for a single trait. Research has shown that it is the combination of multiple gene expressions that code for a trait and thus traits have a RANGE not a simple on/off button. This is why neither nature and nurture dominate.
They both play a role in shaping an individual.
“ Kenyan boys from the rural area having the same initial fitness level (maximal oxygen uptake) as Danish boys ran 10% faster in a 5000 metres competition after performing 12 weeks of standardised training. It is noteworthy, that this is true even though the Kenyans were running at 2000m above sea level.” VO2max does NOT equal fitness level.
Comparison of Elite Training Berg “ The dominance of African runners in the last 2 decades may provide valuable insight into the training process. Their training appears to be relatively uncomplicated. In essence, intensity is emphasised over volume.” “ In contrast, in the author’s opinion, training in western countries appears to be guided by a ‘more is better’ philosophy which necessitates limiting intensity.”
Endurance Training and Performance in Runners Sports Med 2003; 33 (1): 59-73 Comparison of Training Kenyan Training My Training Now College BILLAT, V. Training and Bioenergetic Characteristics in Elite Male and Female Kenyan Rusnners. 2.3% 3.5km 4.8% 7.2km 5.766% 10km 150km 9.2% 12km 0% 0 3% 4km 130 Moses Mosop Training before World Cross Country Championships Source: Renato Canova 202.4 141.1 206.6 199.7 Weekly mileage (in Km) 809.5 625 915 856 Total Mileage 28 31 31 30 Days (number) 48 35 54 51 Running Sessions (number) % of total Km/ number % of total Km/ number % of total Km/ number % of total Km/ number February January December November Monthly Analysis Moses Mosop 0 0 4 3 Sessions for Strength (number) 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.44% 4 0.23% 2 Medium Length Hills (200m > “ My cursory analysis suggests that their ability to increase their pace in the last 10-20% of a race distinguishes the world's best runners.”
Tim Noakes MaxLass James Kwalia Simulated 5k 4x1200m in 3:09 w/ 1min rest Then, 800m max (1:54.2) Nicholas Kemboi Simulated 10k 5x2000m at 27:00 10k pace w/ 1min rest Then, 1200m max (3:01) Saaeed Saif Shaheen Simulated 5k 5x1000m at 13:10 5k pace w/ 1min rest Source: Renato Canova 20.6 mmol 10.8 mmol 9.3 mmol 9.0 mmol 8.7 mmol 16.6 mmol 9.7mmol 8.4 mmol 7.7 mmol 7.4 mmol 5.4 mmol 10.2 mmol 8.8 mmol 8.3 mmol 8.0 mmol 6.5 mmol What does this all mean? Scott, et al: “ Few other regions of the world have such high levels of childhood physical activity combined with such cultural/financial importance being placed on distance running. This information clearly implicates environmental factors as being more influential than genetic factors in the success of East African distance runners.
In an economically deprived region such as East Africa, economic factors also provide an additional motivation, if not a necessity, to succeed in distance running. In summary, it is unjustified at present to regard the phenomenon of East African running success as genetically mediated; to justify doing so one must identify the genes that are important. To do so also disregards the intense training regimens for which East African athletes are famous.”
What does this all mean? Record breaking in distance running has come from very small areas of the world . New Zealand; Australia; England; a small part of the African continent .
And maybe Finland.
I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.