Java - Difference between throwing an Exception and catching and rethrowing Exception?

There is no difference in behaviour between your two code samples. (In particular, stacktraces are recorded when an exception is created, not when it is thrown, so a rethrown exception will still have the original stack trace). Usually, people therefore use the simpler idiom.

With this approach you are able to modify the Exception. For example you could give it a more specific message.

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