Java String values not matching text after substring?

Since String objects are immutable, the compiler is free to share the underlying data. When you do a substring() you create a new String reference object that points to the original string array but has a different starting offset and length.

Your problem has nothing to do with immutability: If you have a collection/array of objects, changing the value of a local variable that holds a reference to on of the objects has no effect on the collection/array.

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