Laying out JPanels to make a simple GUI?

You should never call setSize() in your code. In Java, you use layout managers to do the layout (read that tutorial). Subclassing JPanel to implement different parts of which the UI is composed is a good practice, but should not be overdone (it's fine to have an UI class that adds 3 other plain JPanel instances to itself for layout purposes).

You should never call setSize() in your code. In Java, you use layout managers to do the layout (read that tutorial).

Check out MiG Layout : one can make pretty easily java layouts with that.

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