My Model 4 or 4P has video problems in Model 4 mode, but is fine in Model III mode. How can I fix it?

This answer is based on material contributed by David Gish (gish@gomemphis.com) and others. The model 4/4P uses two different methods for generating horizontal sync pulses for the monitor, depending on whether it's in 64 character mode (Model III) or 80-character mode (Model 4). In 64-char mode, horizontal sync is derived from the master clock, which is regulated by a crystal and thus very stable.

However, in 80-char mode a Phase-Locked Loop circuit (PLL) is used to generate the signal, and it drifts out of calibration over time. This can result in display wrap-around or a total loss of sync. There is a trimmer capacitor that can be adjusted to fix it.

The biggest problem in making the adjustment is getting to it with the power turned on so that you can see what you're doing. The trimmer cap is on the motherboard, with no access from outside the case. On the Model 4, it's near the top at the back, but the case and a metal shield are in the way.

On the Model 4P, it's near the front of ... more.

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