Pass by reference more expensive than pass by value?

Prefer passing primitive types (int, char, float, ...) and POD structs that are cheap to copy (Point, complex) by value.

Yes, accessing a passed by reference argument might require more levels of indirection than a passed by value argument. Besides, it's may to be slower if the size of the argument is smaller than the size of a single pointer. Of course, it's all assuming the compiler is not optimizing it.

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