Single quotes showing as diamond shaped question mark in browsers (no database or PHP)?

The only quotes in ASCII are the single quote ' (0x27 or 39) and the double quote " (0x22 or 33). What you have there is an 8-bit encoding that places quotes at 145 (0x91) and 146 (0x92) called CP1252; it's the standard 8-bit Western European encoding for Windows. If what you want is UTF-8, you need to convert that to UTF-8, since it's not valid UTF-8; valid UTF-8 uses multiple bytes for characters above 127 (0x7F), and places the opening and closing quotes at U+2018 and U+2019 respectively.

Your source code is not saved in UTF-8 but Latin1 CP1252, and those quotes are not simple quotes but U+2019 RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARKS (encoded in Latin1). Save the source file in UTF-8 and it'll work.

I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.