Tune MTU on a per-socket basis?

If the socket is created such that DF set on outgoing packets you might have some luck in spoofing (injecting) an ICMP fragmentation needed message back at yourself until you end up with the desired MTU. Rather ugly, but depending on how desperate you are it might be appropriate.

MTU is a property of a link, not socket. They belong to different layers of the stack. That said TCP performs Path MTU discovery during the three-way handshake and tries very hard to avoid fragmentation.

You'll have hard time making TCP send fragments. With UDP the easiest is to force some smallish MTU on an interface with ifconfig(8) and then send packets larger then that value.

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