Update MySQL DB with PHP from Checkbox?

The problem you have comes because when a checkbox is unchecked, by default its data is not transmitted to your PHP, and that's why you have problems by having the UPDATE query parameter empty. So before your update statement you should have.

Edit: I think I get the problem. When the box is initially unchecked, the input has an empty value, then when you check it, it passes an empty value in... it will never fill with what you intend the checked value to be. So, instead you need something like this.

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