What are the sides of the DNA ladder made up of?

The sides of a DNA ladder is made up of "sugars and phosphates.

The sides of the DNA ladder are long chains of sugars and phosphates (fahs-fates).

The sides of DNA are made of sugar and phosphate.

As a result, proteins like transcription factors that can bind to specific sequences in double-stranded DNA usually make contacts to the sides of the bases exposed in the major groove. 25 This situation varies in unusual conformations of DNA within the cell (see below), but the major and minor grooves are always named to reflect the differences in size that would be seen if the DNA is twisted back into the ordinary B form. In a DNA double helix, each type of nucleobase on one strand bonds with just one type of nucleobase on the other strand.

This is called complementary base pairing. Here, purines form hydrogen bonds to pyrimidines, with adenine bonding only to thymine in two hydrogen bonds, and cytosine bonding only to guanine in three hydrogen bonds.

DNA is made of an alternating phosphate and sugar molecules in a linked chain.

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