What colors can the chameleon change to?

The chameleon changes its skin color in response to its environment and its mood, not, as commonly believed, to blend into its surroundings. Different species can change to such colors as pink, blue, red, orange, green, black, brown and yellow.

Chromatophores change because the cells get a message from the brain. Chameleons are parasitised by nematode worms including threadworms (Filaria) and roundworms. Threadworms can be transmitted by biting insects such as ticks and mosquitoes.

Roundworms are transmitted through food contaminated with roundworm eggs; the larvae burrow through the wall of the intestine into the bloodstream. Chameleons are subject to several protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium which causes malaria, Trypanosoma which causes sleeping sickness, and Leishmania which causes leishmaniasis. Chameleons are subject to parasitism by coccidia,27 including species of the genera Choleoeimeria, Eimeria and Isospora.

Anderson, C.V. & Deban, S.M. (2010): Ballistic tongue projection in chameleons maintains high performance at low temperature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 107 (12): 5495–5499. Anderson, C.V., Sheridan, T.

& Deban, S.M. (2012): Scaling of the ballistic tongue apparatus in chameleons. Journal of Morphology 273: 1214–1226. De Groot, J.H. & van Leeuwen, J.L. (2004): Evidence for an elastic projection mechanism in the chameleon tongue.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 271: 761–770. , Meyers, J.J., Nishikawa, K.C. & De Vree, F. (2001): Morphology and histochemistry of the hyolingual apparatus in chameleons.

Journal of Morphology 249: 154–170. François Le Berre and Richard D. The Chameleon Handbook.

Barron's Educational Series. 3rd Edition, 2009. Chameleons: Their Care and Breeding.

Hancock House Publishers, 1997. Philippe de Vosjoli. Essential Care of Chameleons.

Advanced Vivarium Systems, 2004.

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