What factors affect a teen's basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) depends on: Gender: Men generally have greater muscle mass and a lower body fat percentage. This means they have a higher basal metabolic rate, as muscle burns more calories per pound than fat does. Genes: Some people are born with faster metabolisms, some with slower metabolisms; this genetic metabolic fact cannot be changed.

However, building lean muscle does increase your BMR, so even if you don't have a naturally fast metabolism, you can rev it up it into the fast lane with proper exercise. Age: BMR declines with age. After age twenty, it drops about 2 percent per decade.

Exercise: Physical exercise influences body weight by burning calories, but it also helps raise your BMR by building extra lean muscle tissue, so you burn more calories all day and all night. Body Fat Percentage: The lower your percentage of body fat, the higher your BMR; the lower body fat percentage in the average male body is one reason why men generally have a 10 to 15 percent higher BMR than women. Unfair but true!

Diet: Starvation, eating disorders, or an abrupt calorie reduction can dramatically reduce BMR by up to 30 percent! Restrictive, low-calorie weight-loss diets may cause your BMR to drop by as much as 20 percent, because your body goes into starvation mode and will try to preserve itself by holding on to all the energy that comes into your body (which is stored as fat). Thus, if you don't eat breakfast or lunch but then eat dinner, just because you've taken in fewer calories than usual over the course of the day it doesn't mean you'll lose weight.

If your body thinks it is starving (which is the normal response when it doesn't receive any food for a prolonged period of time), chances are it will try to hold on to any calories it does receive in the form of fat. You need to feed your body small meals and/or snacks at regular intervals throughout the day to make sure that your blood sugar is regulated and your body knows that more food is on the way. Eating as soon as you wake up is also a good idea because it kicks your metabolism into high gear (your metabolism drops while you sleep) and makes sure your BMR stays stable.

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