What is a transducer?

A transducer can be a number of devices, as it describes a component that converts one form of energy into another. An easy to visualize example is the microphone (converting sound energy into electrical signals). privateline.com/Telephonejpg Wikipedia offers a wonderful list of examples, reproduced here... Electromagnetic: Antenna - converts electromagnetic waves into electric current and vice versa.

Cathode ray tube (CRT) - converts electrical signals into visual form Fluorescent lamp, light bulb - converts electrical power into visible light Magnetic cartridge - converts motion into electrical form Pick up (music technology) - converts motion into electrical form Photodetector or Photoresistor (LDR) - converts changes in light levels into resistance changes Tape head - converts changing magnetic fields into electrical form Hall effect sensor - converts a magnetic field level into electrical form only. Electrochemical: pH probes Electro-galvanic fuel cell Electromechanical (electromechanical output devices are generically called actuators): Electroactive polymers Galvanometer MEMS Rotary motor, linear motor Vibration powered generator Potentiometer when used for measuring position Load cell converts force to mV/V electrical signal using strain gauge Accelerometer Strain gauge String Potentiometer Air flow sensor Electroacoustic: Geophone - convert a ground movement (displacement) into voltage Gramophone pick-up Hydrophone - converts changes in water pressure into an electrical form Loudspeaker, earphone - converts changes in electrical signals into acoustic form Microphone - converts changes in air pressure into an electrical signal Piezoelectric crystal - converts pressure changes into electrical form (and electrical signals into acoustic/mechanical form) Sonar transponder Tactile transducer Photoelectric: Laser diode, light-emitting diode - convert electrical power into forms of light Photodiode, photoresistor, phototransistor, photomultiplier tube - converts changing light levels into electrical form Electrostatic: Electrometer Thermoelectric: RTD Resistance Temperature Detector Thermocouple Peltier cooler Thermistor (includes PTC resistor and NTC resistor) Radioacoustic: Geiger-Müller tube used for measuring radioactivity. Receiver (radio).

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