What is Diabetes Mellitus and who does it affect?

Diabetes Mellitus is a complication that happens mainly to Type 1 diabetes patients. This happens when there is a defect in the persons insulin, and it causes high blood pressure.

Insulin is an important hormone produced in the pancreas in our digestive system. The function of insulin is to convert the sugars into energy. Two conditions may lead to diabetes mellitus, either the body doesn’t have enough number of insulin molecules or all the insulin is not used up properly.

This results in an increased glucose level in the blood. Diabetes is believed to be an inherited disease via genes. Though diabetes is a treatable disease, it greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and stroke.

Most diabetes patients die due to some form of heart or blood vessel diseases. Two types of diabetes are there, diabetes I and II. Type II is more common and found in middle aged individuals, whereas type I normally occur in young adults and children where the pancreas secretes less amount of insulin or not at all.In type I, the body doesn’t prepare sufficient insulin and also doesn’t use the insulin it makes effectively.

This condition is termed as ‘insulin resistance’. The important threats for insulin resistance are obesity or overweight and physical inactivity which will end in cardiovascular disease. If diabetes mellitus is not treated properly, then it may cause life-threatening impediments.

Hence once diabetes is diagnosed, treatment should be very strict like controlling the amount of glucose in the blood through regular physical exercise, a carefully controlled diet, and medications. This helps us to avoid difficulties.

Diabetes mellitus means high level of sugar or glucose in blood than normal. Diabetes mellitus is caused due to low or no insulin secretion or improper utilization of insulin (ineffective use of insulin - insulin resistance). Type I diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune disorder, that is our body immune system mistakenly attacking pancreas by considering as enemy.

Pancreas islet cells got affected and causes no insulin secretion that why type 1 diabetes need insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is called due to improper use of available insulin, due to insulin resistance caused by high level in fat in the muscle cells which make it senseless or low sense to insulin.

Here are facts related to Diabetes Mellitus based on my web search Diabetes mellitus is defined as a fasting blood glucose of 126 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or more. ----quote--- Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. The variation in blood sugar levels is usually within a narrow range, about 70 to 110 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood.

If people eat a large amount of carbohydrates, the levels may increase more. ---end quote.

Quote--- Diabetes mellitus (pronounced /ËŒdaɪ. əˈbiË? TiË?

Z/ or /ËŒdaɪ. əˈbiË? Tɨs/; /mɨˈlaɪtÉ™s/ or /ˈmÉ›lɨtÉ™s/)—often referred to simply as diabetes—is a condition in which the body either does not produce enough, or does not properly respond to, insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas.

Insulin enables cells to absorb glucose in order to turn it into energy. In diabetes, the body either fails to properly respond to its own insulin, does not make enough insulin, or both. This causes glucose to accumulate in the blood, often leading to various complications.

Different types of Diabetes: Type 1: Results from the body's failure to produce insulin. It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Presently almost all persons with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections.

Type 2: Results from Insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with relative insulin deficiency. Most Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Many people destined to develop type 2 diabetes spend many years in a state of Pre-diabetes: Termed "America's largest healthcare epidemic,"4:10-11, pre-diabetes indicates a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.As of 2009 there are 57 million Americans who have pre-diabetes Gestational diabetes: Pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high blood sugar (glucose) levels during pregnancy are said to have gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women. It may precede development of type 2 (or rarely type 1). Many other forms of diabetes mellitus are categorized separately from these.

Examples include congenital diabetes due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of monogenic diabetes. ---End Quote--- Diabetes can be treated with insulin. For additional information please refer to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_Mellitus.

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