What is paralytic shellfish poisoning?

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is a serious illness caused by eating shellfish contaminated with algae that contains a toxin harmful to humans. When this algae increase to high numbers in marine waters, the condition is sometimes (and somewhat erroneously) referred to as a "red tide". What causes unsafe levels of PSP?

The amount of toxin increases when water conditions are favorable. However, the exact combination of conditions that cause blooms of poison-producing plankton is not known. We do not yet understand the interaction of the water conditions.

Unlike bacterial contaminants like vibrio, warm water does not necessarily increase the level. Which seafood can transmit PSP to humans? All molluscan shellfish including clams, mussels, oysters, geoduck and scallops can have paralytic shellfish poison.

Moon snails and other gastropods also can become toxic. Other marine species, such as sea cucumbers, might also be affected. Crabmeat is not known to contain the PSP toxin, but the ... more.

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