What is the difference between brushed and brushless motors?

To understand the difference between brushed and brushless motors, we suggest referencing an electric drill or a circular saw. Take a look at the air vents at the rear of your drill and pull the trigger. You should see sparks through the air vents which is magnetism powering your electric drill.

Similar to the motor in your drill, a brushed motor has a north pole that is stationary (field) and a south pole that is mobile (armature). The north and the south poles are attracted towards each other causing the south pole to move toward the north pole. Back when electricity was discovered, brushes were used to switch the electricity to the armature (south pole).

As the south pole approached the north pole, the current flow would reverse (by the brushes) and it become a north pole. Repulsion by the stationary field (north pole) caused the motor to keep turning. The switch point is called the "timing."

The sparks you see in your drill are wasted energy converted to radio interference or ... more.

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