What is the importance of deoxidation in steels?

Importance of Deoxidation in steel – Since steel making is carried out under oxidizing conditions oxygen is bound to dissolve in steel. Solubility of oxygen in pure iron at 1600C is 0.23% and at 1800C is 0.48%. The oxygen content in iron varies inversely with the impurity contents.

Hence at the end of refining period considerable amount of oxygen (0.05-0.1%) is left in liquid steel. If such steel is cast since the solid solubility of oxygen in pure iron is 0.003%, the excess oxygen is evolved in the form of gases leading to unsound casting. Therefore this excess oxygen need to be removed before casting.

The removal of oxygen content of the steel is known as deoxidation or killing of steel. Main deoxidisers are aluminium, silicon, Mn & C. Zr, Ti, B & V are costlier deoxidisers.

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