What is the Pericardium?

If you think of the heart as the body's engine, then the pericardium would serve as its lubrication system, shock absorber and anchoring bolts. The pericardium is a protective sac around the heart and the roots of the major veins and arteries leading to it. The pericardium is the main reason your heart stays anchored inside the chest and doesn't grow dangerously large under pressure.

The other function of the pericardium is to provide lubrication to the heart muscle so it can pump without restriction. To accomplish this, the pericardium is actually constructed in three layers. The layer closest to the heart muscle is called the parietal pericardium.

Its inner surface is very slick, allowing the heart muscle to slide easily. There is a layer of pericardial fluid between the perietal layer and the second layer, called the epicardium or visceral pericardium. The epicardium forms a tough outer seal to contain the shock-absorbing pericardial fluid.

The outermost layer of the pericardium ... more.

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