Which nail will rust more and faster?

Probably the nail in salt water, though oxygen is required for rust to form - if there is no oxygen, neither nail will rust A plain nail made of one single alloy will be more resistant to corrosion than a composite material such as welded or riveted steel, steel in contact with other metals such as bronze etc. , because dissimilar metals can set up essentially a battery where the more reactive metal is eroded by galvanic action. The reference details a mechanism where corrosion can form in crevices due to differences in the amount of dissolved oxygen I believe that steel is more likely to rust at a boundary between air and water, probably due to a gradient in the dissolved oxygen content. A nail totally submerged in water will probably last longer.

The nail in the salt water will corrode much faster. Salt causes an electrolytic reaction.

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