Charles Chaplin Greta Garbo Buster Keaton Laurel and Hardy Ramón Novarro Milton Berle Douglas Fairbanks Lillian Gish Leslie Howard Lionel Barrymore Ruth Gordon Charley Chase Tom Mix Wallace Beery John Gilbert Edna Purviance Mabel Normand ZaSu Pitts William Haines Adolphe Menjou Harry Carey Mack Sennett Mary Philbin Ben Alexander Louise Beavers Estelle Taylor Vernon Dent Henry B. Walthall Andy Clyde Rose Dione Jack Holt Charles "Buddy" Rogers Owen Moore Johnny Mack Brown Jack Pickford Florence Lawrence Conway Tearle Gertrude Astor Elinor Fair Wilfred Lucas Kate Price Blanche Sweet Courtenay Foote Jack Standing Igor Ilyinsky Margaret Landis Billy Bevan Eric Campbell Lloyd Whitlock Madlaine Traverse Norman Kerry Theodore Roberts Violet Wilkey Helen Jerome Eddy Charles Stanton Ogle Arthur V. Johnson Matthew Moore Henry Kolker Marshall Neilan Robert Harron Marjorie Daw Marion Leonard Linda Arvidson Gertrude Robinson Gloria Hope Lillian Leighton James Neill Edythe Chapman Carmelita Geraghty Dorothy Jordan Albert Austin Charles Hill Mailes King Baggot Hobart Bosworth King Vidor Harry Langdon Walter Long Reginald Denny Eugene Jackson Sam Wood Herbert Standing Evelyn Dumo Snitz Edwards Ida Waterman Marcia Manon William Scott Betty Bouton Madame De Bodamere Peaches Jackson Colin Kenny C.
Norman Hammond Fred Malatesta Helen Raymond Joseph J. Dowling Claude Gillingwater Arthur Thalasso James A. Marcus Marc McDermott Jayne Ruddy Alisyn Gularte Andrew Dillon Elmer Booth David Powell Charlotte Mineau Lowell Sherman Russell Bassett Alexander Dillon Carrie Daumery Allan Forrest Clare Eames Gladys Egan James Kirkwood Billy Quirk Allan Sears Vola Vale Anel Sudakevich Vera Malinovskaya Frances Marion Charles Craig Sam De Grasse William Bainbridge Walter James George Berrell Fred Huntley Claire McDowell Snub Pollard Carter DeHaven Marcia Harris Spec O'Donnell Roy Stewart Gladys Fairbanks Charles Wellesley Frank McGlynn Sr.
Charles Craig Herbert Prior Gustav von Seyffertitz Emile La Croix Frank Andrews Kate Bruce Eugene O’Brien John St. Polis George Irving Milla Davenport Mahlon Hamilton Jeanne Carpenter George Siegmann Verner Clarges William J. Butler George Nichols Lloyd Hughes Lucien Littlefield Allen Walker Marian Swayne Olive Corbett Lucile Dorrington Bernard Niemeyer Charles L. MacDonald Mack Swain Howard Ralston Edwin Maxwell Clyde Cook Geoffrey Wardell Joseph Cawthorn Ron Haddrick John Gaden Alfred Paget Mayme Kelso Jane Wolfe Josephine Crowell Jack McDonald Harold Goodwin Hal Wilson Lavendor the Horse John Bell Kate Bruce Lottie Pickford Charlotte Hennessy Raymond Hatton Robert Gordon Gordon Griffith.
February 23, 1930), the US film actress and the most popular screen comedienne of the silent film era wikipedia ZaSu Pitts ZaSu Pitts ZaSu Pitts (January 3, 1894 - June 7, 1963) , the American film actress who starred in many silent dramas, although later, her career digressed to comedy sound films wikipedia William Haines William Haines Charles William Haines (January 2, 1900 - December 26, 1973), the American film actor who was one of the most notable film stars of the silent era website wikipedia Adolphe Menjou Adolphe Menjou Adolphe Jean Menjou (February 18, 1890 - October 29, 1963), the American actor wikipedia Harry Carey Harry Carey Harry Carey (January 16, 1878 - September 21, 1947), the American actor and one of silent film's earliest superstars wikipedia Mack Sennett Mack Sennett Mack Sennett (January 17, 1880 - November 5, 1960), the innovator of slapstick comedy in film wikipedia Mary Philbin Mary Philbin Mary Philbin (July 16, 1903 - May 27, 1993), the notable film actress of the silent film era wikipedia Ben Alexander Ben Alexander Ben Alexander (Nicholas Benton Alexander IV) alias Bennie Alexander, (May 26, 1911 - July 5, 1969), the Emmy-nominated American motion picture actor, who started out as a child actor in 1915 wikipedia Louise Beavers Louise Beavers Louise Beavers (March 8, 1902 - October 26, 1962), the American film actress wikipedia Estelle Taylor Estelle Taylor Estelle Taylor (May 20, 1894-April 15, 1958), the American Hollywood actress whose career, most prominent during the silent film era of the 1920s wikipedia Vernon Dent Vernon Dent Vernon Bruce Dent (February 16, 1895, in San Jose, CA - November 5, 1963, in Hollywood, CA), the comic actor who co-starred in many short films for Columbia Pictures wikipedia Henry B. Walthall Henry B. Walthall Henry B.
Walthall (March 16, 1878 – June 17, 1936), the American film actor wikipedia Andy Clyde Andy Clyde Andrew "Andy" Clyde (born March 25, 1892, in Blairgowrie, Perthshire, Scotland - died May 18, 1967, in Los Angeles, California), the movie and TV actor whose career spanned more than four decades wikipedia Rose Dione Rose Dione Rose Dione, the French-American actress of the silent era wikipedia Jack Holt Jack Holt Jack Holt (May 31, 1888 - January 18, 1951), the American motion picture actor wikipedia Charles "Buddy" Rogers Charles "Buddy" Rogers Charles "Buddy" Rogers (born on August 13, 1904; died on April 21, 1999), the American actor and jazz musician wikipedia Owen Moore Owen Moore Owen Moore (December 12, 1886 - June 9, 1939), born in Fordstown Crossroads, County Meath, Ireland wikipedia Johnny Mack Brown Johnny Mack Brown Johnny Mack Brown (September 1, 1904 – November 14, 1974), the All-American college football player and film actor wikipedia Jack Pickford Jack Pickford Jack Pickford (August 18, 1896 - January 3, 1933), the Canadian-born American actor wikipedia Florence Lawrence Florence Lawrence Florence Lawrence (January 2, 1886 - December 28, 1938), the Canadian inventor and silent film actress, who is often referred to as "The First Movie Star" wikipedia Conway Tearle Conway Tearle Conway Tearle (17 May, 1878 - 1 October, 1939), the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Gertrude Astor Gertrude Astor Gertrude Astor (9 November 1887 - 9 November 1977), the American motion picture character actress, who began her career playing trombone on a riverboat wikipedia Elinor Fair Elinor Fair Elinor Fair (21 December 1903 - 26 April 1957), the American motion picture actress born in Richmond, Virginia wikipedia Wilfred Lucas Wilfred Lucas Wilfred Lucas (January 30, 1871 - December 5, 1940), the stage and film actor, a film director, and a screenwriter wikipedia Kate Price Kate Price Kate Price, the actor, a star in Pipe Dreams and The Perfect Clown wikipedia Blanche Sweet Blanche Sweet Blanche Sweet (June 18, 1896 – September 6, 1986), the silent film actress who began her career in the earliest days of the Hollywood motion picture film industry wikipedia Courtenay Foote Courtenay Foote Courtenay Foote, the actor, a star in The Quicksands wikipedia Jack Standing Jack Standing Jack Standing, the English actor wikipedia Igor Ilyinsky Igor Ilyinsky Igor Vladimirovich Ilyinsky, the favorite comic actor of Vsevolod Meyerhold who starred in a number of his world-famous productions, including Magnificent Cuckold, Vladimir Mayakovsky's Bedbug, and Nikolai Gogol's Ilyinsky's career in movies wikipedia Margaret Landis Margaret Landis Margaret Landis, the American silent screen actress who appeared in at least 41 films between 1915 and 1931 wikipedia Billy Bevan Billy Bevan Billy Bevan (29 September, 1887 - 26 November, 1957), the American film actor wikipedia Eric Campbell Eric Campbell Eric Campbell, the actor, a star in Easy Street wikipedia Lloyd Whitlock Lloyd Whitlock Lloyd Whitlock, the actor wikipedia Madlaine Traverse Madlaine Traverse Madlaine Traverse (August 1, 1875-January 7, 1964), the stage and screen actress from Cleveland, Ohio wikipedia Norman Kerry Norman Kerry Norman Kerry (June 16, 1894 - January 12, 1956), the American actor whose career spanned over twenty-five years in the motion picture industry beginning in the silent era at the end of World War I. Born Arnold Kaiser in Rochester wikipedia Theodore Roberts Theodore Roberts Theodore Roberts (October 8, 1861 in San Francisco, California - December 14, 1928 in Hollywood, California), the movie and stage actor wikipedia Violet Wilkey Violet Wilkey Violet Wilkey, the actor, living in Saint Louis and a star in The Birth of a Nation and Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm wikipedia Helen Jerome Eddy Helen Jerome Eddy Helen Jerome Eddy (February 25 1897 - January 27 1990), the motion picture actress from New York, New York wikipedia Charles Stanton Ogle Charles Stanton Ogle Charles Stanton Ogle (June 5, 1865 – October 11, 1940), the American silent film actor wikipedia Arthur V. Johnson Arthur V.
Johnson Arthur V. Johnson (February 2, 1876 - January 17, 1916), the pioneer actor and director of American silent films wikipedia Matthew Moore Matthew Moore Matthew Moore (January 8, 1888 - January 21, 1960), born in Fordstown Crossroads, County Meath, Ireland wikipedia Henry Kolker Henry Kolker Henry Kolker (b. November 13 1870, Quincy, Illinois - d.
July 15 1947, Los Angeles), the American movie actor and director wikipedia Marshall Neilan Marshall Neilan Marshall Ambrose Neilan (April 11, 1891 - October 27, 1958), the important pioneer motion picture actor, screenwriter, film director, and producer wikipedia Robert Harron Robert Harron Robert "Bobby" Harron (April 12, 1893 - September 5, 1920), the highly successful and publicly popular American motion picture actor of the early silent film era wikipedia Marjorie Daw Marjorie Daw Marjorie Daw, the actor, a star in His Majesty, the American and married to Myron Selznick and A. Edward Sutherland wikipedia Marion Leonard Marion Leonard Marion Leonard (June 9, 1881 – January 9, 1956), the stage and silent film actress wikipedia Linda Arvidson Linda Arvidson Linda Arvidson (1884, San Francisco - 26 July, 1949, New York City), the American movie actress and the first wife D.W. Griffith wikipedia Gertrude Robinson Gertrude Robinson Gertrude Robinson (7 October, 1890 - 19 March, 1962), the American actress of the silent era wikipedia Gloria Hope Gloria Hope Gloria Hope (9 November 1899, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania - 29 October 1976, Pasadena, California), the American silent film actress wikipedia Lillian Leighton Lillian Leighton Lillian Leighton (17 May 1874, Auroaville,Wisconsin - 19 March 1956, Woodland Hills, California), the American silent film actress wikipedia James Neill James Neill James Neill (29 September, 1860 - 16 March, 1931), the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Edythe Chapman Edythe Chapman Edythe Chapman (October 8 1863 - October 15 1948), the stage and silent film actress from Rochester, New York wikipedia Carmelita Geraghty Carmelita Geraghty Carmelita Geraghty (b. March 21 1901, Rushville, Indiana - d.
July 7, 1966, Manhattan), the American silent-film actress wikipedia Dorothy Jordan Dorothy Jordan Dorothy Jordan, the American movie actress who had a short but successful career beginning in talking pictures in 1929 wikipedia Albert Austin Albert Austin Albert Austin (13 December, 1881 or 1885 - 17 August, 1953), the actor, film star, director and script writer, primarily in the days of silent movies wikipedia Charles Hill Mailes Charles Hill Mailes Charles Hill Mailes (25 May, 1870 - 17 February, 1937), the Canadian actor of the silent era wikipedia King Baggot King Baggot King Baggot (born November 7, 1879 - died July 11, 1948), the American motion picture pioneer actor, screenwriter and director wikipedia Hobart Bosworth Hobart Bosworth Hobart Bosworth (b. August 11 1867, Marietta, Ohio - d. December 30 1943, Glendale, California), the American movie actor, director, writer and producer wikipedia King Vidor King Wallis Vidor (February 8, 1894 - November 1, 1982), the acclaimed Hungarian-American film director whose career spanned eight decades wikipedia Harry Langdon Harry L.
Langdon (June 15, 1884 – December 22, 1944), the American comedian who appeared in vaudeville, silent films (where he had his greatest fame), and talkies wikipedia Walter Long Walter Long (5 March 1879-4 July 1952), the American character actor in films from the 1910s wikipedia Reginald Denny Reginald Denny (birth name Reginald Leigh Dugmore) (20 November 1891 – 16 June 1967), the English stage, film, and television actor wikipedia Eugene Jackson Eugene Jackson, III (December 25, 1916 – October 26, 2001), the African American former child actor who was a regular of the Our Gang short series during the silent Pathé era wikipedia Sam Wood Samuel Grosvenor (Sam) Wood (July 10, 1883, Philadelphia - September 22, 1949, Hollywood), the prolific Hollywood director, he also did some production, writing, and to a lesser extent, acting work wikipedia Herbert Standing Herbert Standing, the British stage and screen actor and the patriarch of the Standing family of actors wikipedia Evelyn Dumo Evelyn Dumo, the actor, a star of The Love Light Snitz Edwards Snitz Edwards (January 1, 1868 - May 1, 1937), the notable character actor of the early years of the silent film era into the 1930s wikipedia Ida Waterman Ida Waterman born Ida Shaw, the stage and screen actress wikipedia Marcia Manon Marcia Manon, the actor, a star of Stella Maris William Scott William Scott (1 August, 1893 - 22 August, 1967), the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Betty Bouton Betty Bouton, the American actress wikipedia Madame De Bodamere Madame De Bodamere, the actor, a star of Little Lord Fauntleroy Peaches Jackson Peaches Jackson (9 October, 1913 - 23 February, 2002) wikipedia Colin Kenny Colin Kenny (4 December, 1888 - 2 December, 1968), the Irish film actor wikipedia C. Norman Hammond C. Norman Hammond, the actor, starred in Where Are My Children?
Fred Malatesta Fred Malatesta (18 April, 1889 - 8 April, 1952), the American film actor wikipedia Helen Raymond Helen Raymond (1885-November 26, 1965), the stage actress who did comedy roles on Broadway, and also appeared in Hollywood motion pictures wikipedia Joseph J. Dowling Joseph Johnson Dowling, the American stage and silent film actor wikipedia Claude Gillingwater Claude Gillingwater, the actor, a star in Three Wise Fools and Gold Dust Gertie wikipedia Arthur Thalasso Arthur Thalasso, the actor, living in Ohio wikipedia James A. Marcus James A.
Marcus (21 January, 1867 - 15 October, 1937), the American actor wikipedia Marc McDermott Marcus McDermott (July 24 1881 - January 5 1929), the Australian-born American actor who starred on Broadway and in over 180 American films from 1909 until his death wikipedia Jayne Ruddy Jayne Ruddy, the actor, a star of The Narrow Road Alisyn Gularte Alisyn Gularte, the actor, a star of The Narrow Road Andrew Dillon Andrew Dillon, the actor, a star of The Narrow Road Elmer Booth Elmer Booth, the actor, a star in The Musketeers of Pig Alley wikipedia David Powell David Powell (December 17, 1894 in Glasgow, Scotland - April 16, 1925 in New York City, New York), the major movie actor of the silent film era wikipedia Charlotte Mineau Charlotte Mineau, the actor, a star in 45 Minutes from Hollywood, His New Job and A Night in the Show wikipedia Lowell Sherman Lowell Sherman (October 11, 1885 San Francisco - December 28, 1934 Hollywood, California), the American actor and director wikipedia Russell Bassett Russell Bassett (24 October, 1845 - 8 May, 1918), the American film actor of the silent era wikipedia Alexander Dillon Alexander Dillon, the actor, a star of The Narrow Road Carrie Daumery Carrie Daumery, the actor, living in Amsterdam wikipedia Allan Forrest Allan Forrest (1 September 1885 - 25 July 1941), the American silent film actor wikipedia Clare Eames Clare Eames, the influential Broadway actress, stage director and the wife of playwright Sidney Howard wikipedia Gladys Egan Gladys Egan (1896 - 1985), the American actress wikipedia James Kirkwood James Kirkwood, Sr. (b. February 22 1875, Grand Rapids, Michigan - d.
August 24 1963, Woodland Hills, California), the American actor and director wikipedia Billy Quirk Billy Quirk (29 March, 1873 - 20 April, 1926), the American silent film actor wikipedia Allan Sears Allan Sears, the actor, a star of Heart o' the Hills and Martyrs of the Alamo Vola Vale Vola Vale (February 12 1897 - October 17 1970), the silent motion picture actress from Buffalo, New York wikipedia Anel Sudakevich Anel Sudakevich (Russian:? (born December,27 1906 as Anna Alekseevna Sudakevich), Russian silent film actress wikipedia Vera Malinovskaya Vera Stepanovna Malinovskaya, the Russian silent film actress wikipedia Frances Marion Frances Marion (November 18, 1888 - May 12, 1973), the American journalist, author wikipedia Charles Craig Charles Craig, the American actor wikipedia Sam De Grasse Samuel Alfred de Grasse (born June 12, 1875, died November 29, 1953), the Canadian actor wikipedia William Bainbridge William Bainbridge, the actor, a star of Heart o' the Hills Walter James Walter James (3 June, 1882 - 27 June, 1946), the American film actor wikipedia George Berrell George Berrell (16 December, 1849 - 20 April, 1933), the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Fred Huntley Fred Huntley (29 August 1862, London, England - 1 November 1931, Hollywood, California), the American silent film actor wikipedia Claire McDowell Claire McDowell (2 November, 1877 - 23 October, 1966), the American actress of the silent era wikipedia Snub Pollard Harry "Snub" Pollard (Born Harold Fraser, November 9, 1889, Melbourne, Australia, - January 19, 1962), the silent movie comedian, popular in the 1920s wikipedia Carter DeHaven Carter DeHaven (birthname: Francis O'Callaghan b. October 5 1886 in Chicago, Illinois - d.
July 20 1977 in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California), the movie and stage actor, movie director and writer wikipedia Marcia Harris Marcia Harris, born Lena Hill, the American actress wikipedia Spec O'Donnell Spec O'Donnell (9 April, 1911 - 14 October, 1986), the American film actor wikipedia Roy Stewart Roy Stewart, the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Gladys Fairbanks Gladys Fairbanks, the actor, a star in The Poor Little Rich Girl wikipedia Charles Wellesley Charles Wellesley (17 November, 1873 - 24 July, 1946), the Irish-born American actor of the silent era wikipedia Frank McGlynn Sr. Frank McGlynn Sr. , the actor, a star in The Roaring West and The Prisoner of Shark Island wikipedia Charles Craig Charles Craig, the actor, a star in Under Two Flags Herbert Prior Herbert Prior (2 July, 1867 - 3 October, 1954), the English silent film actor wikipedia Gustav von Seyffertitz Gustav von Seyffertitz, the actor, a star in She and Sparrows wikipedia Emile La Croix Emile La Croix, the actor, starred in The Poor Little Rich Girl Frank Andrews Frank Andrews, the actor, starred in The Poor Little Rich Girl Kate Bruce Kate Bruce, the actor, a star in Ramona Eugene O’Brien Eugene O'Brien (Birthname: Louis O’Brien b.
November 14, 1880 in Boulder, Colorado – d. April 29, 1966 in Los Angeles, California), the famous silent film star, stage actor and matinée idol wikipedia John St. Polis John St. Polis, the actor, a star in Men of the Sky wikipedia George Irving George Irving, the actor and film director wikipedia Milla Davenport Milla Davenport (February 4, 1871 - May 17, 1936), the stage and film actress from Sicily wikipedia Mahlon Hamilton Mahlon Hamilton, the actor, a star in Idaho and Daddy-Long-Legs wikipedia Jeanne Carpenter Jeanne Carpenter (1 February 1916 - 5 January 1994), the American child actress of the silent era wikipedia George Siegmann George Siegmann (February 8, 1882, New York City - June 22, 1928, Hollywood, California), the American actor in the silent film era wikipedia Verner Clarges Verner Clarges (1846 - 11 August, 1911), the American actor of the silent era wikipedia William J. Butler William J.
Butler (1860 - 27 January, 1927), the Irish silent film actor wikipedia George Nichols George Nichols (1864 - 20 September, 1927), the American actor and director wikipedia Lloyd Hughes Lloyd Hughes (21 October 1897 - 6 June 1958), the American, juvenile, silent film actor wikipedia Lucien Littlefield Lucien Littlefield (August 16, 1895, San Antonio, Texas - June 4, 1960, Hollywood, California), the American actor in the silent film era wikipedia Allen Walker Allen Walker, the actor, a star of The Little American Marian Swayne Marian Swayne, the American stage and film actress wikipedia Olive Corbett Olive Corbett, the actor, a star of The Little American Lucile Dorrington Lucile Dorrington, the actor, a star of The Little American Bernard Niemeyer Bernard Niemeyer, the actor, a star of The Little American Charles L. MacDonald Charles L. MacDonald, the actor, a star of The Little American Mack Swain Mack Swain (February 16, 1876 - August 25, 1935), the American actor and vaudevillian, prolific throughout the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s wikipedia Howard Ralston Howard Ralston, the American actor wikipedia Edwin Maxwell Edwin Maxwell (b.
February 9, 1886 in Dublin, Ireland; d. August 13, 1948), the Irish character actor in Hollywood movies of the 1930s and 1940s, frequently cast as shady businessmen and shysters, though often ones with a dignified bearing wikipedia Clyde Cook Clyde Cook (December 16, 1891 - August 13, 1984), the Australian born actor whose career spanned the silent film era, talkies and television wikipedia Geoffrey Wardell Geoffrey Wardell, the actor, starred in Taming of the Shrew and Crimes at the Dark House Joseph Cawthorn Joseph Cawthorn, the American stage and film comic actor wikipedia Ron Haddrick Ron Haddrick, the actor, a star in Dot and the Kangaroo wikipedia John Gaden John Stuart Gaden AM, the Australian actor known particularly for his stage career, although he has also made some film and television appearances wikipedia Alfred Paget Alfred Paget, the actor, a star in Enoch Arden and The Sheriff's Baby wikipedia Mayme Kelso Mayme Kelso (28 February, 1867 - 5 June, 1946), the American actress of the silent era wikipedia Jane Wolfe Jane Wolfe (March 21, 1875 – March 29, 1958), the silent film character actress and Thelemite wikipedia Josephine Crowell Josephine Crowell (11 January, 1849 - 27 July, 1932), the Canadian actress of the silent era wikipedia Jack McDonald Jack McDonald, the American actor of the silent era wikipedia Harold Goodwin Harold Goodwin may refer to: wikipedia Hal Wilson Hal Wilson, the actor, a star of Suds Lavendor the Horse Lavendor the Horse, the actor, a star of Suds John Bell John Anthony Bell, AO, OBE, the Australian actor, theatre director and theatre manager wikipedia Kate Bruce Kate Bruce, the American actress of the silent era wikipedia Lottie Pickford Lottie Pickford, born Charlotte Smith on June 9 1895 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada died December 9 1936 in Los Angeles, California, the silent-film actress wikipedia Charlotte Hennessy Charlotte Hennessy, born Elsie Charlotte Printer, and also known as Charlotte Smith Pickford, (1873 - 22 March 1928), the Canadian-born, American actress, and the mother of Mary, Lottie, and Jack Pickford wikipedia Raymond Hatton Raymond William Hatton (born July 7 1887 in Red Oak, Iowa, USA - died October 21 1971 in Palmdale, California), the movie actor who appeared in almost five hundred movies, including a stint of being paired in 1920s comedies with Wallace Beery wikipedia Robert Gordon Robert Gordon, the American director and actor wikipedia Gordon Griffith Gordon Griffith or Gordon S. Griffith (July 4, 1907, Chicago - October 12, 1958), the American assistant director, film producer, and one of the first child actors wikipedia.
I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.