The US Supreme Court ruled 7-2 in defendant John Sanford's favor, returning Dred Scott and his family to slavery. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney delivered the Opinion of the Court Parties Dred Scott John Sanford (alleged "owner" of Dred Scott; misspelled as Sandford in court records) Other Important Individuals Eliza Irene Sanford (Chaffee) (widow of Dr. Emerson and probable real "owner" of Dred Scott Dr. Calvin Chaffee (Irene Sanford's second husband; abolitionist and member of Congress, arranged "ownership" of Scott transferred to Taylor Blow for manumission) Taylor Blow (Son of Dred Scott's original "owner," who provided financial support for Scott's legal case(s) and freed Scott after the case) Attorneys Montgomery Blair, Alexander Field and David Hall (for Dred Scott) Reverdy Johnson, Henry S.
Geyer, and Hugh Garland (for John Sanford) Supreme Court Majority Roger B. Taney, Chief Justice James Wayne John Catron Peter V. Daniel Samuel Nelson Robert Grier John Campbell Supreme Court Dissenting John McLean Benjamin R.Curtis.
Dred Scott (1795 – September 17, 1858), was an African-American slave in the United States who unsuccessfully sued for his freedom and that of his wife and their two daughters in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case of 1857, popularly known as "the Dred Scott Decision." The case was based on the fact that although he and his wife Harriet Scott were slaves, they had lived with his master Dr. John Emerson in states and territories where slavery was illegal according to both state laws and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, including Illinois and Minnesota (which was then part of the Wisconsin Territory).
The United States Supreme Court decided 7–2 against Scott, finding that neither he nor any other person of African ancestry could claim citizenship in the United States, and therefore Scott could not bring suit in federal court under diversity of citizenship rules. Moreover, Scott's temporary residence outside Missouri did not bring about his emancipation under the Missouri Compromise, which the court ruled unconstitutional as it would improperly deprive Scott's owner of his legal property. While Chief Justice Roger B.
Taney had hoped to settle issues related to slavery and Congressional authority by this decision, it aroused public outrage and deepened sectional tensions between the northern and southern U.S. states.
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