Why have a standard SPMD design when SPMDs can be tailor-made for specific applications?

SPMD technology has two great advantages besides its passive mode of operation: (a) the uniformity or reproducibility of the sampling matrix and (b) the suitability of the devices for monitoring multiple media under a wide range of environmental conditions. Thus, the ability to compare data from global, regional, local, and contiguous sites is dependent on sampling methods that are uniform, reproducible and usable in multiple media. The need for global uniformity is clearly evident when the only calibration data available for estimating ambient chemical concentrations are derived from standard-SPMDs.

However, sometimes data comparability beyond a particular set of sites is not an issue, and customized SPMD designs or changes in the recovery-cleanup protocol may provide a significant advantage over the standard approach. Never the less, when investigators use devices that significantly deviate from the standard configuration, several standard SPMDs should be included as well to help ... more.

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