Why is “Multiplexed, non-blocking I/O, [..] much more scalable than thread-oriented, blocking I/O”?

Blocking" means that threads have to wait as long as necessary for a resource to become available...which means, by definition, threads will be sitting around waiting for resources. Non-blocking avoids this sort of thing.

Because a thread stack is usually much larger than the data structure needed to support an async I/O connection. Also, scheduling thousands of threads is inefficient.

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