The correct answer is: "both. " Either a purebred or a mixed breed dog can make an excellent family pet. Likewise, either one can equally well make a horrible family pet.
Dogs make great companions and pets for humans, and some dogs are better suited for the task than others. Most dog breeds were bred for specific traits. Many were bred for working traits such as ranching, or racing, or hunting, pulling sleds, or chasing vermin.
Some were even bred specifically for human companionship. Consider carefully the various characteristics of any dog -purebred or mixed- for compatibility with your family. Consider whether you have young children and the relative size of the dog you are considering.
Consider the overall energy levels of a dog. Dogs bred for herding may be very high energy and difficult to keep happy when confined indoors. There are many small "toy" dog breeds that make excellent pets as well.
After considering the general traits of a particular dog breed or mix and its compatibility with your family, consider next the specific traits of the individual dog you are considering, its history and its personality profile. You wouldn't want to select a large, agressive dog of any breed for a family with small children in a small home or apartment, for example. And finally, when considering a dog for a pet, stop by your local animal shelter and check with local rescue groups.
You might be surprised how some animals such as rescued racetrack greyhounds and whippets can make excellent housedogs and pets, provided they get some time to sprint during the day, as well. Rescue groups will be better equipped to take back a pet that doesn't work out with your family, and you'll be giving a home to an animal that needs one. Certain breeds often have dedicated rescue groups -like dobermans, which can make excellent house pets and personal companions, but must be matched carefully to a prospective family.
A related note is that many purebred dogs suffer from genetically passed-down health problems, such as risk for heart problems, skin sensitivity, and bone problems such as hip displaysia and arthritis. This is more common in breeds that have lengthy and tightly-controlled inbreeding. Mixed breed dogs are often less susceptible to these problems.
But many mixed breed dogs were sired by different purebred dogs, so this alone is no guarantee of health. Consider carefully the health history of any dog you consider adopting.
I've had both kinds of dogs over the years and it seems like the mixed breed dogs seem to be smarter and quicker on the uptake in general. The pure breeds that I had seemed too hyper, hard to control, and were more destructive than their mixed mutt counter parts. I would recommend getting a mixed breed older dog from a local shelter.
They are less costly to adopt, many are already trained (which can be a huge life saver if you have smaller children or a busy schedule) and seem to have a greater quality of life over all.
The AKC does not recognize the new breed of designer dogs, but they are often recognized by other kennel clubs and breeding organizations. This often gives the public the false impression that designer dogs are, in fact, the wave of the future and the best way to choose an appropriate dog for their family. Many designer dogs do make good family pets.
For example, the Labradoodle and Goldendoodle are two mixed breeds, or designer dogs that are smart, in most cases hypoallergenic thanks to the poodle, and people friendly. Both Labrador Retrievers and Golden Retrievers love to be part of a family and are watchful and protective of kids. There are, however, dogs that have been developed in the designer category to suit taste and living conditions rather than dog temperament and playfulness.
Very small purebreds that are interbred fall into this category. The addition of a teacup category of dogs is an indication that people want the companionship and love of a dog, but may live in limited space, such as an apartment or cluster home. The problem with interbreeding very small dogs is that each breed often comes with its own unique set of problems.
It is not that large and medium breed dogs aren't also prone to medical problems and conditions, however, small dogs tend to have very dramatic conditions related to their small hearts, stomachs, and intestines. It is not uncommon for pet owners to spend thousands in vet bills on small dogs. Consider how the problem must be compounded by interbreeding small purebreds.
Of course, breeders work to develop the healthiest designer dogs they can, but the genetics of dog breeding makes this far from an exact science. Often dogs are born with serious complications and end up in a rescue or at a pound, because they are not designer perfect. It may be that because of your lifestyle a designer dog is most suitable to your needs.
However, take time to explore the wide variety of dog breeds that are already available before making your decision. Millions of dogs are put down every year when they become adults. Puppies are adorable and even their training is tolerable, but when dogs become adults people too often lose interest.
Wouldn't it be sad if your perfect dog were sitting in the pound, right now, abandoned and headed for the incinerator while you are looking for designer dogs?
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