How do surgeons help prevent infection during plastic surgery?

To help prevent infection in plastic surgery, surgeons clean the skin with germ killers, most commonly Betadine. Surgeons scrub their hands, wear masks that filter out germs, and use sterile gloves, drapes, and instruments. The air in the operating room is filtered, and ultraviolet lights are used to kill germs in air ducts.

Patients may receive a single dose of antibiotic, through the vein or by mouth, just before the operation starts. Implants and surgical sites are often washed with antibiotics. Keeping patients warm and giving them extra oxygen during and after surgery also lowers infection rates.

Even with all of these measures, it is impossible to eliminate infections after surgery. In clean cosmetic surgical procedures, "normal" infection rates are about 2% on the face and 4% on other parts of the body. Despite common practice, extended use of antibiotics before and after surgery does not lower the rate further.

Procedures such as peels or lasers can cause the herpes virus, always hiding in the body, to activate. For this reason, antiviral drugs are prescribed before and after these procedures. In fact, the chicken pox virus (Herpes zoster) can reactivate from stress after any surgery and cause pain and scarring.

The wet, dark, warm environment that is created after a peel is just what fungi love, so wounds are kept clean to decrease fungal infections. If infection does occur, additional antibiotics are necessary. They can be taken by mouth, but if the infection persists, intravenous antibiotics in the hospital may be necessary.

If an implant is involved, it usually needs to be removed to cure the infection.

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