PV equals nRT The Ideal Gas Law is used to relate the pressure, volume, temperature and amount of an "ideal" gas. Although many gases are not perfectly ideal in reality, you can usually use the Ideal Gas Law anyway. Here is how you solve these problems!
The Ideal Gas Law is: PV = nRT Where: P is the pressure of the gas (in atmospheres, ATM) V is the volume of the container (in liters, L) n is the number of moles of gas in the container (in moles, mol) R is Universal Gas Constant (which is 0.0820574587 L · ATM · K 1 · mol 1 ) T is the temperature of the gas (in Kelvin) In English that says that pressure times the volume equals the number of moles times the Gas Constant times the temperature. It also means that pressure and volume are inversely proportional. Also it means the temperature is directly proportional to both the pressure and the volume.
The amount of substance is directly proportional to the volume and the pressure SO HOW DO YOU USE IT? First, you need to figure out what you know from the question, and what you need to find. Since "R" is just a known constant, the Ideal Gas Law has only 4 variables in it: P, V, n, and T.In order to use this equation to solve for something, you must know at least 3 of these!
Figure out which ones you know. Be careful, sometimes the units will not be the same as what I've written above. For instance, if you have the number of grams of a substance, that can be used to find the number of moles (if you know the molar mass), which give you the variable "n.
" Once you know what you are solving for, isolate that variable by rearranging the equation. Here are some examples.
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