How does copper withstand corrosion, pitting and scaling?

The ancient Egyptians may have been the first to recognize copper's inherent resistance to corrosion and used it for water distribution systems discovered virtually intact by modern archaeologists. In the 70 years since copper tube became the material of choice for potable water systems, it has generally outlasted the buildings in which it has been installed and is frequently recycled for new construction. Records show that corrosion failures of copper plumbing systems occur in less than 1 percent of all known installations.

Copper sometimes changes color when in contact with water containing certain minerals, but it rarely results in corrosion or weakening of tube walls or joints. Minerals borne by water in certain locales sometimes form a buildup on tube walls—called scaling—but there is little evidence that this leads to pipe failure or threatens water purity. In fact some experts believe that some oxidation and mineral coatings actually protect copper tube, enhancing its ... more.

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