How is spodumene used in ceramic body, eg wall, floor, granito tiles or sanitaryware?

Spodumene partially replaces feldspar or nepheline syenite in the raw batch. The replacement can vary from 2-10% depending on the firing temperature and vitrification properties desired. For example, in a granito body, 2% replacement of sodium feldspar reduced the temperature by 5°C whereas in a sanitaryware body 3% replacement of Na Feldspar has lowered the firing temperature by 40°C approx.

Thus it depends on the type of feldspar, the batch composition and the firing temperatures.

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