What are the risks of sclerotherapy for varicose veins?

Sclerotherapy with saline can cause pain, particularly if the solution is injected outside of the capillaries. The solution can cause blistering and even scarring. Bruising results if blood leaks out from the capillary.

This leakage can cause brown skin pigmentation that lasts for weeks or months, or indefinitely. There is a tiny chance of the capillaries clotting and the clots extending into the larger veins to cause a painful superficial phlebitis. If so, the required treatment is warm soaks, elevation, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

In a worst-case scenario, the clot can spread to the deep veins, causing a deep venous thrombosis (DVT). This serious but rare medical problem requires aggressive treatment. Symptoms are pain, swelling, and a hot leg.

A noninvasive sound test of the leg and thigh are required to rule out DVT if these symptoms occur.

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