What research is being done regarding skin cancer?

Studies are being done to establish whether long-term use of aspirin and anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen can somehow lower the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer and precancerous lesions. So far the jury is still out, and research is continuing. Many scientific studies have shown that the polyphenol antioxidants in green tea can help induce apoptosis in damaged cells.

They have also been studied for their ability to inhibit urokinase, a protein produced by cancer cells that helps them invade healthy cells and spread. Resveratrol, the antioxidant in red wine and grapes, is being studied for its power to prevent DNA damage from the sun. Researchers are also investigating the anti - skin cancer potential of pomegranate extract, which has higher antioxidant activity than green tea or red wine.

Whether these antioxidants work better when consumed in the diet or applied topically to the skin is still up in the air too. As scientists pursue these promising, novel ways to protect us from sun damage, the best prevention by far is what we already know works: broad-spectrum sunscreen and avoidance of direct UV radiation. Interesting research is being done on a chemical called cyclopamine, derived from the corn lily plant.

It has been shown to shrink BCC tumors in mice and inhibit new tumors by 90 percent. Experimental testing is still being done on the cancer-fighting properties of barnacle-like marine animals called "tunicates." There is a compound, dubbed "palmerolide A," in the tunicate's biochemistry that may inhibit melanoma.

Lab tests are still in the preliminary stages. Dimericine, a new topical cream, is in clinical trials and not yet approved by the FDA. It contains enzymes that help repair DNA damage.

This could be effective as a treatment for actinic keratoses or to reduce nonmelanoma skin cancers.

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