How do browsers behave if a document is delivered with no Expires or Cache-Control headers?

In the absence of server-generated information, the browser will rely entirely on its own settings. These will be a combination of the "standard" lifetime of a page that the browser has been told, and space pressure on its cache Different browsers have different defaults for assigning a page lifetime. They also have different algorithms for deciding a page has expired.

For instance, quite some years ago, Opera had a reputation for being a more aggressive cacher of pages than IE. This may have come out of their development environments as Opera's development team was very aware of download limits, whilst IE's was probably not. Enthusiasts may recall Opera's behaviour as being "I don't think this page has expired, I won't re-fetch it" whilst IE and Mozilla were more like "I don't know if this page has expired, I'll re-fetch it just in case.

In the absence of server-generated information, the browser will rely entirely on its own settings. These will be a combination of the "standard" lifetime of a page that the browser has been told, and space pressure on its cache. Different browsers have different defaults for assigning a page lifetime.

They also have different algorithms for deciding a page has expired. For instance, quite some years ago, Opera had a reputation for being a more aggressive cacher of pages than IE. This may have come out of their development environments as Opera's development team was very aware of download limits, whilst IE's was probably not.

Enthusiasts may recall Opera's behaviour as being "I don't think this page has expired, I won't re-fetch it" whilst IE and Mozilla were more like "I don't know if this page has expired, I'll re-fetch it just in case".

But cache is good if you want to have a faster site, before you start disabling keep in mind that anything that is cache won't have to be downloaded again. There is another way you can control what needs to be cached, HTML5 Application Cache", dump your cache logic into the manifest file. So every file in your manifest won't be download again, until the manifest file it self is changed.

Just remember that if you changed something in a JS CSS Image file, and you need to push that change to recurrent visitors you need to also update your manifest file.

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