Food is food. Nevertheless, there are some foods that we eat that cannot be given to dogs. I always cook extra for my dogs when I cook my evening meal.
I do this because dogs are natural scavengers. If dogs are on a very restricted diet, anything that they pick up when they are off lead will upset their digestive system. However if they are used to a variety of food, they can cope.
Investigate on Google the foods which are dangerous for dogs, then IF your parents are giving your dog anything which could upset them SHOUT. Dogs love chicken and this won't harm them.
Your parents are right. If you want to become a Vet some day, take courses on animal nutrition so you don't deprive dogs by recommending a kibble that is promoted through Vets from companies with less than stellar reputations. Chicken meat is great for dogs.
There are some foods toxic to dogs, but that is not one of them and it sounds like your parents know this. I doubt your parents would really let the dogs out on the street, but if you'd stop harping on them and do some RESEARCH about any food they feed them that is "human" food, you might find out they are right. Whole foods that are good for dogs and humans are better than any kibble if you feed properly.
If the dog eats dog food, then bits of meat and some other foods are GREAT for dogs.
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