What is the difference between 2D, 3D and 4D ultrasounds?

2D or rather realtime 2D ultrasound is currently the standard for ultrasonographic screening and diagnosis of fetal anomalies. It has the capability of taking cross sectional views of internal organs making it useful for evaluating internal structural abnormalities. The real-time or "moving picture" component help increase the resolution of the images.

3D add the capability to view the external surfaces of the fetus. There are a few conditions, like cleft lips and certain spinal cord defects, which are easier to demonstrate by 3D than by 2D. The differences in these two modalities are analogous to the differences between x-rays versus photographic pictures.

One is designed to view the internal structures and the other to view the external surfaces. 4D ultrasound adds the moving component to the 3D (the fourth dimension being time) similarly to taking a video versus a still picture. Other than a nice view of the fetus in motion, 4D has limited diagnostic values.

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2D, 3D and 4D are trademarked terminology used in the industry to distinguish the different types of pictures and videos that can be provided. 2D ultrasounds are the traditional black & white ultrasounds you have probably seen before. The pictures show the skeletal structure (outline) of the baby.

You also get to see the baby moving in 2D! This is the type of ultrasound that was probably used for your diagnostic ultrasound. It is still the best technology for gathering measurements of the baby and ensuring that the baby is developing as expected.

3D shows the tissue of the baby, which is more like real pictures. We can see the roundness of the baby's face, the shape of the nose and the contours of the lips. The color is actually not the color of the baby, it is computer enhanced to make the pictures more appealing.

We can show the baby in sepia, blue, or red. 4D shows the tissue of the baby - as the baby is moving. This will provide moving clips of your baby in action!

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