What mechanisms are responsible for the high levels of multiple paternity observed in Mimulus ringens fruits?

In Mimulus ringens multiple paternity results from two mechanisms. When a pollinator probes a flower, it deposits a mixture of pollen from 1-3 sires. Within 20 minutes of the first probe, a second pollinator often visits the same flower and deposits pollen from 1-3 additional pollen donors.

See Karron et al. 2006 PDF. 2) Why do selfing rates of flowers from the same daily floral display vary so dramatically?

Selfing rates of individual flowers are influenced by the amounts of within-flower (autogamous) and among-flower (geitonogamous) self-pollen deposited on stigmas. In a pollinator visitation sequence the first flower probed is predominantly outcrossed, with just 20% of the ovules fertilized by autogamy. Since pollen carryover is very limited, flowers visited sequentially receive increasing proportions of geitonogamous self pollen.

Geitonogamous selfing rates are therefore highest on large floral displays. See Karron et al. 2004 PDF See also Karron et al.

2009 PDF. 3) How does ... more.

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