Who Was the Founder of Rhode Island?
Roger Williams along with 20 other families founded Rhode Island in the search for a place they could explore their religion freely without problems.
The history of Rhode Island includes the history of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations from pre-colonial times (1636) to modern day. Native American inhabitants, including the Wampanoag, Narragansett, and Niantic tribes, occupied most of the area now known as Rhode Island. 1 Most of the Native Americans were killed by diseases contracted through contact with French settlers and explorers, and through warfare with the Europeans.
The Narragansett language died out for many years but was partially preserved in Roger Williams' the A Key into the Languages of America (1643). 2 In the 21st century, the Narragansett tribe remains a federally recognized entity in Rhode Island. In 1636, Roger Williams, after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views, settled at the tip of Narragansett Bay, on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe.
He called the site "Providence" and declared it a place of religious freedom. Detractors of the idea of liberty of conscience sometimes referred to it as "Rogue's Island". In 1638, after conferring with Williams, Anne Hutchinson, William Coddington, John Clarke, Philip Sherman, and other religious dissidents settled on Aquidneck Island (then known as Rhode Island), which was purchased from the local natives, who called it Pocasset.
The settlement of Portsmouth was governed by the Portsmouth Compact. The southern part of the island became the separate settlement of Newport after disagreements among the founders. Another dissident, Samuel Gorton, purchased the Indian lands at Shawomet in 1642, precipitating a military dispute with the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
In 1644, Providence, Portsmouth, and Newport united for their common independence as the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, governed by an elected council and "president". Gorton received a separate charter for his settlement in 1648, which he named Warwick after his patron. 4 The union of these four towns was strengthened by the Royal Charter of 1663.
In 1686, King James II ordered Rhode Island to submit to the Dominion of New England and its appointed governor Edmund Andros. This suspended the colony's charter but Rhode Island still managed to retain possession of it until Andros was deposed and the Dominion was dissolved. 5 When William of Orange became King after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, Rhode Island's independent government resumed under the 1663 charter, which was used as the state constitution until 1842.
In 1693, the throne of William and Mary issued a patent extending Rhode Island's territory to three miles "east and northeast" of Narragansett Bay, conflicting with the claims of Plymouth Colony. 7 This resulted in several later transfers of territory between Rhode Island from Massachusetts. The relationship between the New Englanders and the Native Americans was at first strained, but did not result in much bloodshed.
The largest tribes that lived near Rhode Island were the Wampanoag, Pequots, Narragansett, and Nipmuck. One native named Squanto, from the Wampanoag tribe, stayed with the pilgrims and taught them many valuable skills needed to survive in the area. He also helped greatly with the eventual peace between the colonists and the natives.
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