It is strange that a ground is not currently installed. For safety a ground is required. However, the good news is that a ceiling fixture provides little chance of a shock hazard except when servicing the fixture.
However, the missing ground should be a warning that other things may be wrong with your wiring and you should consider having an Electrician check your overall wiring for issues. It is likely that someone has done some rewiring in your house and they may have screwed up other things.
Nobody ever does. You want to hook up the new light to the two wires that the old light was hooked up to. Generally:if the new fixture has white and black wires, hook up the white fixture wire to the white wire in the box, and hookup the black fixture wire to whatever non-white wire (usually white or red) that the ld fixture was hooked up to.
If the new fixture has two black wires, hook either fixture black to the box white wire and the other fixture black to some other box wire, usually black or red. If the fixture has a bare or green wire, that goes to the bare or green wire from the box. If the box does not have a bare or green wire, use a little green clip or green wire (available at any hardware store) to connect the fixture green or bare wire to the metal box.
If the box isn't metal, then you can't install this fixture and meet code.
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