Time in space is relatated to the level of a Gravity Field. Thus for each Gravity Field level there must exist a Tme Potential level of Space. The Curvature of the Gravity field would then follow the curvature of time potentials in space.
Acceleration is analyzed by the Einstein Field Equation of General relativity. The Field Equation relates Gravity to the Curvature of Space expressed as a multidimentional Tensor. Basically all mass structures in the Universe are experiencing acceleration.
The surface of the Earth mass volume of the Earth experiences acceleration. Consequently there is no mass structured volume in the Universe that is really at rest,because the Universe is a dynamic system. The greater the acceleration on the surface of a mass volume , the greater the gravitational mass.
Density. Thus the greater the mass density the greater the curvature of space. That surrounds the masss structure.
The Einstein Twin paradox was really a conjecture. In reality The Twin was assumed to be moving at Uniform velocity. This implied that there was no acceleration.
But in reality there was acceleration because every mass in motion experiences acceleratin in the Universe . Without a Gravity Field acceleration simply would not exist. If there is no acceleration time would not exist;and without time motion does not take place,and without motion energy does not exist.
Special relativity theory is only a theory of measurements that are relative to the position and location of an observer in space. The further away an observer is from a moving mass structure,the smaller the mass volume appears and by the same token its motional time appears to dilate very fast. Thus as per Relativity Theory an Observer sees time only as it appears and not what it is actually in reality.. Note ; it is not possible to accelerate a complex mass Sructure to the speed of light in a short time without the structure breaking apart.
Velocity and speed are different. Velocity (vector) is the speed (scalar) in magnitude with direction. If speed is same but direction changes (like a circle an electron describes in a magnetic field where the tangential speed remains same), then you can take it that the velocity changes.
Newton's first law is about velocity, the change of it affecting either speed or direction or both ("speed U direction"). The other things you mentioned get modified accordingly, needing rephrasing. But you may need to delve deeper and that can only be possible by leaving your armchair and scribbling on a paper with pen to pour your ideas down in Mathematical form.
For instance in time dilation and all that where velocity comes, is a vector and you need to use a vector operator 'del' that generates functions like 'gradient' (for gravitational potential of the field that propels the body to go the way it does), 'divergence' (scalar product that gives a number assigning the quantum of energy) and 'curl' (rotation into the other direction perpendicular to the plane of the velocity vector and gravitational force on it) and with the criterion of what is relevant.
I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.