C: read binary file to memory, alter buffer, write buffer to file?

1) No. You do not need to loop in getFileBuffer since you read the entire file with fread . You also do not need to call fseek because every time you read from the file you will advance within the file stream automatically.

I haven't debugged your code, but it looks like by the time your loop completes, every element in buffer will contain the same value and it will be equal to whatever is the last byte in your file.

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