For trans-subclavian smart cannulation of the right atrium: What to do if the guide wire cannot be identified with echocardiography?

One possibility is that the guide wire progresses cranially. A curved catheter pointing caudally may allow for exploration of the superior vena cava with a J-type guide wire. More.

I cant really gove you an answer,but what I can give you is a way to a solution, that is you have to find the anglde that you relate to or peaks your interest. A good paper is one that people get drawn into because it reaches them ln some way.As for me WW11 to me, I think of the holocaust and the effect it had on the survivors, their families and those who stood by and did nothing until it was too late.